The human body has many parts, but the many parts make up one whole body. So it is with the body of Christ
1 Cor 12:12 NLT
Paul wrote in a letter to a dysfunctional and immature church that they were a body. In fact, He states that they weren’t just any body but were specifically the body of Jesus the Messiah. I think if we really understood what that means we’d be blown away.
I’ve heard the word “body” thrown around in sermons and by Christians. In fact, even I used it to mean something quite different than what Paul meant. Mostly because I wasn’t reading the passage in context. Secondly I was imprinting what we call “church” onto the Bible. I often used it to refer to all Christians everywhere or my local pulpit and pew church. Frankly, the metaphor doesn’t have legs when used that way.
My belief was that we all were generically gifted and were all generically doing our part to bring Jesus glory. Furthermore, that God’s strategy for us to get work done and win the world to Jesus was through all of us working together. Across denominational lines. The one giant body of Jesus! While that premise is not inherently incorrect it is not at all what Paul is talking about.
Paul is creating a specific picture intended to help a specific church. The intention of the word picture is to illustrate a point about the ministry of the local church. In the early church (Corinth included) the ministry was handled by everyone. Literally, a gathering of believers was everyone sharing (the nature of that sharing is its own post). How or what they shared was dependent on what the Spirit was doing uniquely within each person. Hence Paul’s point is that like a human body needs every part of it to function so the Corinthian church needed every member.
For the human body to work every limb and organ needs to do it’s own unique work in connection with everyone else. Each Christian is like a limb or organ. When we assemble together we each have something to do. Not just in the big blue world out there. In fact, Paul’s words here have nothing (NOTHING) to do with evangelism or “missional” living. They are specifically limited to the “edification of the saints”.
What is the outcome then, brethren? When you assemble, each one has a psalm, has a teaching, has a revelation, has a tongue, has an interpretation. Let all things be done for edification.
1 Cor 14:26 NAS
The issue in Corinth was that many with loud (or those claiming they had) loud gifts (tongues and prophecy in particular) were dominating the meetings. Furthermore, they were claiming they couldn’t help themselves as God’s Spirit was the one causing them to act this way. Paul labors to tell them that the Spirit is equally responsible for the quiet gifts as He is the loud ones. The private gifts (service etc) and the public (prophecy etc). They were all of the Spirit and all needed. Just like a hand can’t tell a foot to get lost one Christian in a church with the gift of prophecy can’t tell someone with the gift of helps to get lost.
EX:
Say I meet with 20 other Christians. Our meetings are open and everyone is expected to share in some way (even if its just serving food). 5 people take turns telling us what they believe God is presently saying (about anything). After these words are weighed and discerned someone says they believe God wants to heal the sick. Assuming I’m one of the five “prophets” (or speakers) I can not stand up and say we don’t need healing shut up and sit down. Likewise, the person with the gift of healing can’t say we don’t need anymore words from God we just need healing.
The metaphor was meant to clear up confusion and produce inclusiveness of all of God’s gifts. Furthermore the people with really demonstrative gifts can’t tell the person with the gift of faith or helps that they are worth less because they don’t move in healing* during church meetings
*[The gift of healing is different than the authority of the believer mentioned in Mark 16. In Mark 16 Jesus makes it clear that "all who believe" can heal the sick. Paul specifically refers to a gift (grk. grace) for healing that is used to build and support other believers]
In fact, he points out that a person covers the best parts and leaves the lesser parts open for public view. What he is literally saying is that a man covers his groin and a woman covers there breasts and groin area as well. Why? Because they are valuable and more precious then your toes or nose. Yet you need them all to have a functional body. Therefore, the quiet and less public gifts are not worth less to God than the public ones. Meaning someone who doesn’t give ecstatic prophetic utterances is not worth less to God or the local meeting of believers than the one who does.
Summary:
I’ve covered this issue so very briefly and would encourage you to read Robert Banks’ book Paul’s Idea of Community. There is so much depth to the understanding that the local meetings of early Christians were participated in by all. This is Biblical fact. It is historical fact. I simply can’t cover it all in this forum.
So I’m going to leave you with a few questions to ask yourself. You can keep these in mind as you search the Bible to see if I’m telling you the truth.
1. When the Apostles talk about early Christian meetings what do they look like? What is expected?
2. Have you ever been to a church service (not a cell group or Bible study) that looks like that?
3. If you go to church do your services look like a body? Every believer (limb) doing his or her? work?
4. How many times do phrases like “when you come together” appear in the NT?